Pruning roses: what is it, when is it better to do, how to properly carry out the procedure in the spring, do I need to remove the shoots before shelter for the winter, do I need to process the bushes?

Regular pruning of rose bushes is a necessary procedure that requires the most responsible approach.

Not only the splendor and beauty of flowering, but also the health of the bush, as well as its lifespan, depend on the correctness of its conduct.

Consider how to prune the bush in the spring, when you need to do it in the summer - before flowering or after, what should be the care after pruning roses, as well as other nuances.

What it is?

Pruning is the removal of diseased and weak parts of a plant, competitor shoots, faded buds.

Getting rid of unnecessary, unnecessary helps the plant save resources that are useful to it for the formation of new strong shoots.

Do pruning rose bushes?

The issue of the obligation of pruning is left to the discretion of the grower, however, ignoring this measure will not only affect wild roses. Cultivated varieties without timely pruning sooner or later lose their appeal. In addition, the aesthetic component in this case is the lesser of evils. Not trimmed bush develops much more slowly, often gets sick, and its life span is significantly reduced.

In what cases is applied?

Pruning rose bushes is resorted to in several cases. Five main types are distinguished depending on the purpose of the procedure.

Sanitary. Such pruning is reduced to the removal of damaged, diseased and simply weak shoots. It is important to get rid of them in the first place and as soon as possible. As practice shows, attempts to save such shoots only slow down the development of the whole plant and pose a serious threat to its health.
Anti-aging. Regular anti-aging pruning of roses is the key to its longevity. It is supposed to remove old, dried shoots and branches in order to give the opportunity to appear new. Aged wood is difficult to carry nutrients, so these branches do not bloom well or do not bloom at all.
Formative. This variety can be called decorative. By removing weak branches at the bottom of the bush and blind shoots, the plant is given the desired shape.
Stimulating. Stimulating pruning is done to make the bush let out young shoots. The weaker the shoot, the stronger it should be shortened.
Supporting. Maintenance pruning is the timely removal of young growth in order to avoid thickening of the bush.

How to choose the right time?

When choosing the time for trimming, it is important to rely on the purpose of the procedure.

Sanitary pruning is relevant at any time of the year. In other cases, the plant should be pruned in the spring-autumn period.

Depending on the season

Spring. Most often, pruning of roses is carried out in the spring, after the onset of the vegetative period. Spring pruning involves the complete removal of dry, old and diseased branches that no longer benefit the plant.
Together with unnecessary branches, extra shoots and those that went in the wrong direction are cut off. They leave the strongest and most powerful in order to eventually get a bush resistant to diseases and adverse conditions.
Summer. Summer pruning consists of shortening the shoots with a faded flower or flower brush. In some varieties, this will start the growth of a new flower-bearing shoot and cause a second wave of flowering. In addition, this technique is a good prevention of diseases, improves the ventilation of the bush and makes it possible to prolong flowering.
In addition to removing faded inflorescences, summer pruning involves cutting off damaged parts of the plant and blind shoots to prevent fungal diseases.
Autumn. Autumn pruning is carried out immediately before sheltering the roses for the winter. As a rule, all dead and unripe shoots, root shoots, as well as thin, diseased and damaged branches are removed. The main stems are significantly shortened.
Winter. Winter pruning is carried out in late winter and early spring. It is important to carry it out before budding, so as not to harm the plant.

What parts of the plant are pruned?

Which parts of the plant should be removed depends on the type of pruning. There are only three main types:

Short. With a short pruning, all the stems of the aerial part of the plant are cut. All that remains is the very base of the bush with a few sleeping buds.
Average. Middle pruning involves shortening the stems in half, as well as the complete removal of weak shoots.
Long. With long pruning, it is customary to remove only the upper parts of the shoots.
Old (from three years old) shoots, wild shoots, weak and blind shoots, dried inflorescences are removed with any type of pruning.

When can they be deleted, and when not?

Inflorescences. It can be pruned immediately after flowering at any time of the year - except when it is necessary to preserve inflorescences for seed formation. In addition, some gardeners believe that in the first year of life, the rose should go through the whole cycle, from flowering to ripening fruits.
Shoots. Cutting off sick and weak shoots for sanitary purposes can be performed throughout the year. However, thorough pruning is best done in the spring.
Leaves. Damaged leaves require immediate removal. Complete disposal of roses from leaves, if necessary, is carried out in late autumn.

Before, during and after flowering - what is the difference?

The main pruning of roses falls on the periods before and after flowering.

During flowering, a thorough pruning of a rose does not require - it is enough to remove faded inflorescences in time so that the plant does not waste vitality on the formation of seeds.

Step-by-step instructions for removing part of the bush

It will take:

garden secateurs;
file or delimber;
gloves
empty packaging.

Flower stalk

The flower stalk is removed if the plant has already blossomed, and save inflorescences does not make sense.

On those roses in which several buds are formed on the stem at once, the entire brush is cut off. For those roses that give only one flower on the stem, the shoot is cut so that 3-4 leaves remain above ground level.

The stalk

Dry and diseased stems, as well as stems growing inside the bush, are cut completely.
The half-dead stem is cut off at the level of a healthy shoot or to healthy tissue.
Stems with a thickness of 1 centimeter or more are removed with a file or a delimber.
The cut is carried out at an angle of 45 degrees.
The place of cut must be covered with garden varieties or other suitable material.

Leaves

It is customary to get rid of leaves manually, without using tools. Tear leaflets should be in two cases:

When it is necessary to remove diseased or dried leaves.
When you need to cover roses for the winter, on the eve of shelter.

Leaves begin to pick from the bottom up, gradually moving to the entire bush.

Arrows

Arrows can be cut off if they are too weak, or the flower itself is too heavy for the stem.

What can be processed after the procedure?

The cut point must be processed immediately after the cutting procedure.. Best for this are garden var, white or wood glue. In addition, the plant will not be damaged by additional treatment with an antifungal spray.

Further care

After the main pruning, it is advisable to protect the rose from direct and too bright sunlight for the first time.
It is important to approach watering with caution. Overmoistening can pose a serious threat to the plant, and drying out will interfere with the normal development of the rose.
Fertilizing can be resumed at the same time as the active growth of the bush begins.
Increased humidity after pruning will increase the likelihood of a rose becoming infected with fungal diseases. For prevention purposes, the plant should be treated with an antifungal drug.

Possible errors and their consequences

Errors when trimming, especially the first, are made quite often. Deficiencies can be found in serious details as well as in trifles - for example, a poorly sharpened tool or an incorrect cutting angle - but both of them can cause serious damage to the plant.

Incorrect pruning is considered one of the most common causes of rose death.. Other consequences can be very diverse:

A significant decrease in the quality and duration of flowering. In other cases, the rose may not bloom at all.
Decreased plant growth.
Loss of decorativeness.
Fungal, infectious and other diseases.
Reduced life span of roses.

Any rose is a capricious plant that requires careful care. But, subject to all the rules for pruning and growing, its flowering and neat appearance, you can enjoy for many years.